The core principle of motorcycle ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) is to prevent the wheels from completely locking up during braking through electronic control technology, thereby maintaining vehicle stability and steering ability. Its working principle can be broken down into the following key steps: 

1. System Composition 

Wheel speed sensor: Installed on the front and rear wheels, it monitors the real-time changes in wheel speed (using electromagnetic induction or Hall effect). 

Electronic Control Unit (ECU): Analyzes sensor data to determine if the wheels are about to lock up (such as a sudden drop in rotational speed). 

Hydraulic control unit: Regulates braking pressure according to ECU instructions to achieve high-frequency point braking (15-20 times per second). 

2. Work Process 

Monitoring stage: The wheel speed sensor continuously transmits the wheel speed signal to the ECU. 

Judgment stage: The ECU calculates the slip ratio (the proportion of wheel sliding to rolling). When the slip ratio exceeds the threshold (such as 20%), intervention is triggered. 

Regulation phase: The hydraulic unit rapidly releases or restores the braking pressure to prevent the wheels from locking completely, keeping the wheels in a state of "rolling + slight sliding" (with the strongest grip). 

3. Actual Effects 

Safety: Prevents side skidding or fishtailing during emergency braking, especially on slippery roads, reducing the accident rate. 

Braking distance: Although it may vary slightly depending on road conditions, it indirectly enhances the efficiency of evading risks by maintaining steering ability. 

4. Technological Evolution 

High-frequency point braking: Modern ABS can adjust 15 to 20 times per second, far exceeding the reaction speed of human beings. 

Coordinated control: Some systems integrate AI algorithms to predict road conditions and optimize the distribution of braking force. 

In short, ABS dynamically adjusts the braking pressure within milliseconds through a closed-loop control of "monitoring - judging - regulating", ensuring that the wheels remain in a controllable rolling state at all times.